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1) Scan Your Computer for Viruses and Spyware

One of the main reasons your computer may be running slow is that it could have been infected with spyware or viruses.
Spyware and viruses are all over the internet and it is quite easy to pick them up.
You wont notice them usually because they work behind the curtain, stealing your data, generating pop-ups, wrecking your computer and consuming system resources.
Ridding the computer of these harmful infections will help restore it to its normal performance. Although it might sound hard to do, there are spyware removal and antivirus software that are quite effective. Avast, Kaspersky and Webroot’s Spysweeper are a few good ones. There are also many free options you can find online, but be aware and do a thorough research before you download any free software as some of them may actually be spyware or viruses hidden in disguise.

2) Defrage Your Hard Disk

A computer stores information in the empty spaces of your hard drive. A single file or program is fragmented or broken down into smaller pieces and stored in many different areas across the hard disk. The computer keeps track of the locations of these fragments and assembles it together when the file or program is opened. Over time, the fragments get further scattered and it takes longer to access the data thus slowing down the computer
The disk defragmenter built into your Windows OS, re-arranges the fragmented files to make it easier for your system to access them resulting to faster speed.
You can find this tool in Start > Accessories > system tools > Disk Deframenter
Note: Defrag your computer on a regular basis to ensure your computer.
This process takes place automatically on Windows 7 but should be done manually on previous versions of Windows.

3) Clean Up the Registry

A cluttered registry is one of the main reasons you’re computer may become slower.
The registry is basically a part of an operating system that holds information about every software and hardware on a computer.
Sometimes softwares that are uninstalled or removed incorrectly, leave behind invalid entries in the system registry. After many installs and uninstalls, the registry becomes cluttered with unnecessary information which results in the slowing down of the computer.
To get rid of this problem scan your registry on a regular basis with a registry cleaner like RegEdit or Registry Fix. Registry cleaners are able to remove these invalid entries and declutter the registry allowing the OS to access the registry and get information more quickly.

4) Remove Unnecessary Start Up Programs and Services

Whenever a computer boots up, it has instructions to load softwares and services.
Some programs and services set themselves to start up automatically when you boot up your computer. When a large number of programs run at startup, it results in a longer boot up time. These programs also run in the background and use precious system resources which could be better utilized by more important programs. You can also use TuneUp Utilities 2012 to fix these problems.
To stop these programs from starting up at boot, you can use a utility within windows called MSCONFIG.

To run MSCONFIG, click on the Start Menu and click on run. In the box, type msconfig and hit “Enter”. You can also check our tutorial on decreasing boot time with MSCONFIG

5) Turn off Visual Effects

Visual effects use quite a lot of system memory to display all those fancy effects and animations. Turning it off will improve your computer speed considerably.
This is a compromise between appearance and performance so if you don’t mind your Windows Vista looking like a Windows 95 then turn this off. You’ll be amazed at how much better your computer responds.
To turn off visual effect in Windows, go to Control Panel> System> Advanced System Settings > Setting tab > Performance Settings> Select the radio button to “Adjust for Best Performance”.

6) Uninstall Unused Programs

Over a period of time you might have downloaded many programs most of which you do not use anymore and are just sitting there taking up hard disk space. Do your pc a favour and get rid of them. You won’t notice an instant boost in speed, but it will help in keeping your hard disk uncluttered. You can remove unwanted programs from your system by a single click.
To uninstall programs go to Control Panel > Programs and Features / Add Remove Programs.
Browse through the list of programs and uninstall the ones you won’t be using anymore. By going our tutorial on problems in uninstalling a program ,you can uninstall almost anything from your computer.

7) Remove Desktop Icons and Wallpaper

Windows uses a fair amount of system memory to display each of the icons and wallpaper on your desktop.
To give your pc a boost, clean up your desktop by removing shortcut icons to programs you don’t use regularly. Move the files and folders to a disk drive in My Computer and arrange them properly.
Replacing your desktop wallpaper with a blank one with also help free up additional memory.

8) Free Up Your Hard Disk Space

Deleting unused files and documents is a good way to increase the performance of your computer. Windows has a built in disk cleanup tool that you can use to free up space on your hard disk.
You can find this tool in Accessories > System Tools > Disk Cleanup.
Select the drive you wish to cleanup and click “OK”.
Windows will then scan the drive and calculate how much space you can free up.

9) Use Light Weight Programs

Minimizing the use of system resources is a key factor in speeding up your computer.
Therefore it would make sense to use light weight programs since they require far less resources to run. For example, choose a media player like VLC which plays most media formats and does not hog up much memory like Windows Media Player or Winamp.

10) Reinstall Your Operating System

If you still find your computer sluggish after trying the above mentioned steps then you could try reinstalling your operating system as a last resort. A fresh installation is free from errors and infections and you should see an increase in your pc performance.
Remember to backup all your important data before you opt for a reinstall.

Conclusion:
Speeding up your computer is not so difficult as it seems. The steps mentioned above are easy to do and won’t take much time to perform. Its worth trying out each of them before going out and buying expensive hardware.